The first ever Africa Climate Summit, held in Nairobi, Kenya, from September 4 to 6, 2023, was a historic event that brought together African leaders and other global stakeholders to discuss the challenges and opportunities of climate change in the continent. The summit culminated in the adoption of the Nairobi declaration, a document that outlines the continent’s common position and vision for a green and resilient future.
The Nairobi declaration reflects the principles of equity, common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities, as well as the special circumstances and needs of African countries. It calls for urgent and ambitious action from the world’s biggest emitters and richest countries to fulfill their commitments under the Paris Agreement, especially the provision of $100 billion per year in climate finance to developing nations.
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The declaration also proposes innovative solutions to mobilize additional resources for climate action, such as a global carbon tax on fossil fuels, aviation and maritime transport. The revenue from such a tax would be used to support low-carbon development and adaptation in Africa and other vulnerable regions. The declaration also urges financial reforms to reduce the borrowing costs and debt burden of African countries, which limit their fiscal space and capacity to invest in climate-resilient infrastructure and services.
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Moreover, the declaration highlights the potential of Africa as a green powerhouse, with abundant natural resources, human capital and entrepreneurial spirit. It calls for the development of a circular economy that harnesses the continent’s mineral wealth, renewable energy sources and biodiversity, while minimizing waste and pollution. It also emphasizes the need to promote green industrialization, innovation and digitalization, as well as to enhance social inclusion, gender equality and youth empowerment.
The Nairobi declaration is a testament to the leadership and solidarity of African countries in addressing climate change. It is also a rallying cry for global cooperation and support for Africa’s green transition. The declaration will serve as the basis for Africa’s negotiation position at the upcoming COP28 summit in Glasgow, where it hopes to secure a fair and effective outcome that reflects its aspirations and realities.
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